A

achene - A one-seeded, dry fruit that does not split open when mature, with the seed coat not attached to the mature wall of the ovary.

alternate - Leaves occuring at successively different intervals on opposite sides of the stem.

anther - Pollen-bearing part of stamen.

axil - Angle between a stem and the attached leaf.

B

basal - From base of plant.

berry - Fruit with the seeds surrounded by fleshy material.

bog - A wet, acidic, nutrient-poor peatland characterized by sphagnum and other mosses, shrubs and sedges. Technically, a type of peatland raised above its surroundings by peat accumulation and receiving nutrients only from precipitation.

bract - An accessory structure at the base of some flowers, usually appearing leaflike.

bristle - A stiff hair.

C

calyx - Collectively, all the sepals of a flower.

capsule - A dry fruit that splits into three or more parts at maturity.

catkin - Spikelike inflorescence of same-sexed flowers (either male or female).

clasping - Leaves that partially encircle the stem at the base.

composite - An inflorescence that is made up of many tiny florets crowded together on a receptacle.

compund - A leaf with two or more leaflets.

cone - The dry fruit of conifers composed of overlapping scales.

corolla - Collectively, all the petals of a flower.

D

E

elliptic - Broadest at the middle, gradually tapering to both ends.

end bud - The bud that grows at the precise end of the twig. False end buds occur in some species when the end bud is shed and a nearby side bud acts as end bud.

evergreen - Having foliage that remains green and functional throughout the year.

F

filament - The stalk of a stamen which supports the anther.

floodplain - Level land that is occasionally covered by flood waters.

floret - A small flower in a dense cluster of flowers.

frond- A leaflike expansion not differentiated into stem and foliage, as in lichens

G

gland - An appendage or depression which produces a sticky or greasy substance.

H

I

inflorescence - A cluster of flowers.

J

K

L

leaflet - One of the leaflike segments of a compund leaf.

lenticel - Blisterlike openings in the epidermis of woody stems, admitting gases to and from the plant, and often appearing as small oval dots on bark.

lobe - Rounded divisions in leaves usually not halfway to the midrib.

M

margin - The outer edge of a leaf.

marsh - Wetland dominated by herbaceous plant communities, typically dominated by grasses.

midrib - The prominent vein along the main axis of a leaf.

N

nutlet - A small dry fruit that does not split open along a seam.

O

oblong - Broadest at the middle, and tapering at both ends, but broader than elliptic.

opposite - Leaves or branches which are paired opposite one another on the stem.

ovate - Broadly rounded at the base becoming narrowed above.

P

palmate - Divided in a radial fashion, like the fingers of a hand.

perfect -Having both male and female parts.

petal - One of the modified, often brightly colored leaves of the corolla of a flower.

petiole - The stalk of a leaf.

pinnate - Divided once along an elongated axis into distinct segments.

pistil - The seed-producing female part of the flower, consisting of an ovary and one or more styles and stigmas.

pistillate - Having pistils but no stamens.

pulvinus - a swelling at the base of a petiole.

Q

R

raceme - A grouping of flowers along an elongated axis where each flower has its own stalk.

receptacle - In the Asteraceae family, the enlarged summit of the flower stalk to which the sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils are usually attached.

rosette - A crowded, circular clump of leaves.

S

salt-marsh - Flat land subject to overflow by salt water.

sepal - One of the modified leaves comprising a calyx; usually green in color.

sheath - Tube-shaped membrane around a stem, especially for part of the leaf in grasses and sedges.

shrub - A woody plant with multiple stems.

sinus - The depression between two lobes.

spike - A group of unstalked flowers along an unbranched stalk.

spikelet - A small spike; the flower cluster (inflorescence) of grasses and sedges.

spore - A reproductive body produced by plants, fungi, and some microorganisms capable of developing into a new individual either directly or after fusion with another spore.

spur - A hollow, pointed projection of a flower.

stamen - The male or pollen-producing organ of a flower.

stigma - The terminal part of a pistil which receives pollen.

stipule - A leaflike outgrowth at the base of a leaf stalk.

style - The stalklike part of the pistil between the ovary and the stigma.

swamp - Wooded wetlands dominated by trees or shrubs; soils are typically wet for much of the year or sometimes inundated.

T

terminal - Located at the end of a stem or stalk.

U

utricle - A small, one-seeded fruit with a dry, papery outer covering.

V

W

whorl - A group of three or more parts from one point on a stem.

wing - A thin tissue bordering or surrounding an organ.

X

Y

Z