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Research Movies
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TRPA1
TRPa1 channels expressed panneuronally (Gal4 C155), in motor neurons (Gal4 BG380), and in the ellipsoid body (Gal4 c232; Gal4 EB1) using the Gal4-Uas system. TRPa1 is a heat and voltage gated channel found in a small subset of fly neurons. When ambient temperature rises above ~25o C, neurons ectopically expressing TRPa1 become depolarized and fire action potentials tonically. Two minutes in a 35o C water bath causes paralysis when TRPa1 channels are expressed panneuronally or in motor neurons. Behavioral effects are acute and reversible. The same treatment does not cause paralysis in Uas controls or in flies expressing TRPa1 in the ellipsoid body. N = 20 females in each vial, except for Gal4 EB1 x Uas TRPa1 (N = 8 females).
Halorhodopsin
1st instar larva expressing UAS NpHr-YFP in motor neurons (Gal4 BG380). Halorhodopsin is a chloride pump that hyperpolarizes neurons when activated with yellow light (580 nm). The yellow dot indicates the administration of yellow light.ChR2
3rd instar larvae expressing UAS ChR2 in motor neurons (Gal4 BG380). Channelrhodopsin-2 fluxes cations upon exposure to blue light (470nm). Larvae are exposed to 2 hz blue light stimulus. Note the characteristic excitatory contractions. Blue dot indicates presence of pulsatile stimulus.Courtship
Courtship and mating of two wild-type flies. The four steps of male courtship include orienting toward female, extending and vibrating its wings, tapping female’s abdomen, licking, and mounting.synaptopHluorin
Multiple glomeruli in antennal lobe respond to pheromone stimulation. A neural activity reporter, synaptopHluorin is expressed in odorant receptor neurons and the fluorescence change is recorded in a live animal. Yellow dot indicates presence of pheromone stimulus.
3-D deconvoluted image of anti-CaMKII staining at the third instar NMJ
